History
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RETURN TO
THE HOMEPAGE
RMS PENDENNIS CASTLE 1957
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The RMS Pendennis Castle was a most stylish and beautiful mailship. She was built by Harland & Wolff in Belfast for Union-Castle Line. She was replacement for the ageing 1921 built Arundel Castle. She had been ordered in early 1955 and her design had undergone many changes. However she became the best loved, finest and fastest mailship in the Union-Castle fleet. She was also famous as the "Fun Ship" of Union-Castle. Design
and Construction (1953-1958): In 1953
the much loved Chairman of Union-Castle (Sir Vernon Thomson) died. He
was succeeded by Sir George Christopher. For a while the new Chairman
resisted calls to order a new ship. However in 1955 due to increasing
pressure he succumbed and an order was placed reluntantly with the
company's regular shipbuilders, Harland & Wolff. In 1956
Union-Castle Line was taken over by the British & Commonwealth
Shipping Co. Soon exciting plans were revealed for the future of the
Union-Castle passenger service. It was announced that negotiations were
underway with Harland & Wolff to alter, improve and enlarge the
Pendennis Castle, the new mailship ordered reluctantly in March 1955.
By the end of 1957 the new improved Pendennis Castle was ready for
launching at Harland & Wolff in Belfast. Although seen as a "fair
weather route", the new owners (the Cayzers), decided to fit
Denny-Brown stablisers to the Pendennis Castle. Fitting the stablisers
necessitated lengthening the ship amidships after construction had
commenced on the slipway. In
addition the increased speed to be given to Pendennis Castle to enable
her to cut the voyage time from 14 days to 11 days as was intended
called for lengthening of the forward part of the hull. The overall
length in fact increased from 748 ft to 764 ft. By
December 1957 the Pendennis Castle was ready to be launched. Lady
Rotherwick (the Chairman's wife) travelled to belfast with a party of
family and friends. There was only a small press party, which was
probably just as well as there turned out to be no launch. This was
because of a shipyard strike. As a result Lord Rotherwick declared that
he would never have a ship built in Belfast ever again. He kept his
word as the Windsor Castle was built in Cammell Lairds and the
Transvaal Castle was built by John Brown & Co on the Clyde. This
broke a tradition dating back to the days of Sir Donald Currie to have
all mailships built in Belfast. Eventually quietly on Christmas Eve
1957 the Pendennis Castle was launched without ceremony. On the
14th November 1958, following her successful sea trials, the Pendennis
Castle was handed over to Union-Castle by her builders and everything
was set for her shakedown cruise from Gourock on the Clyde on the 29th
November 1958 to Southampton where she arrived a few days later. Union-Castle
Line Era (1959 – 1976): The
Pendennis Castle set sail on her maiden voyage from Southampton at 4 pm
on Thursday 1st January 1959 bound for Cape Town. She was commanded by
Captain George Mayhew, commodore of the Union-Castle fleet. The
shipping press also voted Pendennis Castle as the "ship of the year".
Soon the Pendennis Castle was known as the "Fun Ship" of the
Union-Castle fleet. She was also famous as the first British ocean
liner to have waitresses in the dining room, they were known as
stewardettes. In 1961 it
was announced that the air conditioning on board the Pendennis Castle
would be extended to include all the first class cabins. In addition a
further 21 cabins had showers fitted. In July 1965 a new faster mail
service was introduced with the voyage time reduced to 11 days. This
meant that the new schedule could be operated by 7 liners rather than
8. Also it meant the end of the Thursday at 4 o'clock tradition
departing from Southampton and a new departure time of 1 pm on Fridays
was introduced. In May 1968 she suffered a fire on board while berthed
in Southampton which damaged some of her accommodations. However she
managed to sail anyway with Harland & Wolff workers on board
repairing the damage. In 1969 she broke the Union-Castle record for the
fastest passage between Cape Town and Southampton. In 1973 due to
increasing oil prices, Union-Castle decided to slow the service by one
day and increase fares. However by 1976 the end was coming for the
Union-Castle mailships with the rise of containerisation and air
travel. After departing Southampton for the final time bound for South
Africa on the 23rd April, in June 1976 the Pendennis Castle was retired
from service after her final arrival in Southampton on the 14th June
1976 from South Africa flying her paying off penant. The Final Years
(1976 - 1980): The
Pendennis Castle was sold to the Ocean Queen Navigation Company and was
renamed Ocean Queen. She set sail bound for a new life in Hong Kong
with a white hull and golden brown funnel. The intention was to use her
as a cruise ship but sadly this never came about. She remained in Hong
Kong laid up until 1978 when she was sold again to a Liberian company
(Kinvarra Bay Shipping) and renamed Sinbad I. Sadly she remained laid
up. Finally in April 1980 after being laid up since leaving
Union-Castle she departed Hong Kong for the final time bound for
scrapping in Kaoshiung in Taiwan. A sad end to a much loved and stylish
mailship.
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(c) The AJN Transport Britain Collection 2007 A Edward Elliott |